Ecological Model of Development

Race and Gender Ecological Model of Development

developed by Cook, Heppner, and O'Brien in 2002

"Human behavior results from the ongoing, dynamic interaction between the person and the environment. Behavior is the result of a multiplicity of factors at the individual, interpersonal, and broader sociocultural levels."

This model has been used to understand and intervene in the vocational behavior of diverse women (women and girls struggling with education and workplace sexual violence and legal issues).

Utilizes Bronfenbrenner's four major subsystems: 
Image result for bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory
  1. microsystem - includes the interpersonal interactions within a given environment
  2. mesosytem - interaction between two or more microsystems
  3. exosystem - linkages between subsystems that directly influence the individual
  4. macrosystem - norms and values of an ideological society 
For more explanation: Bronfrenbrenner's Model

Humans live in interaction with their environment. 

Every person has both a gender and a race. 

Career behavior does not happen in a vacuum. 

Gysbers, N.C., Heppner, M.J., Johnston, J.A. (2014). Career Counseling: Holism, Diversity, and Strengths. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.

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